BOVAG member: if you buy from a BOVAG business and can't resolve a dispute together, you can go to the Geschillencommissie Voertuigen (vehicle disputes committee).
Statutory warranty: when you buy from a dealer as a consumer, a defect that appears within 1 year of delivery is presumed to have existed at delivery (art. 7:18a Dutch Civil Code). The dealer cannot exclude this.
Paying cash: since 1 January 2026 dealers may not accept cash payments of €3,000 or more.
Selling to a dealer: ask several dealers for an offer and compare with your car's value. An auction lets dealers and private buyers bid against each other.